اولويت‌بندي سرعت دانلود – ميکروتيک
اولویت‌بندی سرعت دانلود در میکروتیک با نحوه مدیریت پهنای باند در شبکه داخلی با استفاده از ابزار Queue Tree در میکروتیک را در مقاله آموزشی زیر دنبال کنید.
با استفاده از این ابزار می‌توان پهنای باند خاصی را بین یگ گروه از کاربران به اشتراک گذاشت و برای ترافیک نرم‌افزار‌های خاص و یا حتی سایت‌ها و فایل فرمت‌های خاصی اولویت بالاتری برای استفاده از پهنای باند مذکور در نظر گرفت.
در این سناریو اولویت را بر اساس فرمت فایل دانلودی در نظر می‌گیریم. مثلاً از کل پهنای باند اولویت دانلود برای فایل‌های iso باشد.
در ابتدا فایل فرمت‌ها را از طریق layer7-protocol به روتر معرفی می‌کنیم.
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”EXE” regexp=”\\.(exe)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”RAR” regexp=”\\.(rar)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”ZIP” regexp=”\\.(zip)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”7z” regexp=”\\.(7z)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”CAB” regexp=”\\.(cab)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”ASF” regexp=”\\.(asf)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”MOV” regexp=”\\.(mov)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”WMV” regexp=”\\.(wmv)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”MPG” regexp=”\\.(mpg)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”MPEG” regexp=”\\.(mpeg)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”MKV” regexp=”\\.(mkv)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”AVI” regexp=”\\.(avi)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”FLV” regexp=”\\.(flv)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”WAV” regexp=”\\.(wav)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”RM” regexp=”\\.(rm)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”MP3″ regexp=”\\.(mp3)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”MP4″ regexp=”\\.(mp4)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”RAM” regexp=”\\.(ram)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”RMVB” regexp=”\\.(rmvb)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”DAT” regexp=”\\.(dat)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”DAA” regexp=”\\.(daa)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”ISO” regexp=”\\.(iso)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”NRG” regexp=”\\.(nrg)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”BIN” regexp=”\\.(bin)”
/ip firewall layer7-protocol add name=”VCD” regexp=\\.(vcd)
سپس با استفاده از ابزار Mangle نسبت به علامت‌گذاری پکت‌های هر فایل فرمت به شکل زیر اقدام می‌کنیم:
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”EXE MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=EXE new-packet-mark=EXE passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”RAR MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=RAR new-packet-mark=RAR passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”ZIP MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=ZIP new-packet-mark=ZIP passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”7z MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=7z new-packet-mark=7z passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”CAB MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=CAB new-packet-mark=CAB passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”ASF MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=ASF new-packet-mark=ASF passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”MOV MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=MOV new-packet-mark=MOV passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”WMV MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=WMV new-packet-mark=WMV passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”MPG MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=MPG new-packet-mark=MPG passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”MPEG MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=MPEG new-packet-mark=MPEG passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”MKV MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=MKV new-packet-mark=MKV passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”AVI MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=AVI new-packet-mark=AVI passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”FLV MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=FLV new-packet-mark=FLV passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”WAV MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=WAV new-packet-mark=WAV passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”RM MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=RM new-packet-mark=RM passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”MP3 MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=MP3 new-packet-mark=MP3 passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”MP4 MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=MP4 new-packet-mark=MP4 passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”RAM MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=RAM new-packet-mark=RAM passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”RMVB MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=RMVB new-packet-mark=RMVB passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”DAT MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=DAT new-packet-mark=DAT passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”DAA MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=DAA new-packet-mark=DAA passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”ISO MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=ISO new-packet-mark=ISO passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”NRG MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=NRG new-packet-mark=NRG passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”BIN MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=BIN new-packet-mark=BIN passthrough=no
/ip firewall mangle add action=mark-packet \
chain=prerouting comment=”VCD MARK PACKET ” disabled=no layer7-protocol=VCD new-packet-mark=VCD passthrough=no
بعد از این کار هم می‌توان از قسمت Firewall Filter دانلود برخی از فایل‌ها را ممنوع کرد و هم از طریق قسمت Queue tree اولویت تخصیص پهنای باند برای هر یک از این فرمت‌ها را تغییر داد:
/queue tree add name=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” parent=global \
limit-at=0 priority=3 max-limit=1048576 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”7z” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=7z limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”ASF” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=ASF limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”AVI” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=AVI limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”BIN” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=BIN limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”CAB” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=CAB limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”DAA” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=DAA limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”DAT” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=DAT limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”EXE” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=EXE limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”FLV” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=FLV limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”ISO” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=ISO limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”MKV” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=MKV limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”MOV” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=MOV limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”MP3″ parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=MP3 limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”MP4″ parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=MP4 limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”MPEG” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=MPEG limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”MPG” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=MPG limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”NRG” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=NRG limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”RAM” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=RAM limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”RAR” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=RAR limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”RM” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=RM limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”RMVB” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=RMVB limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”VCD” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=VCD limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”WAV” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=WAV limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”WMV” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=WMV limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-hreshold=0 burst-time=0s
/queue tree add name=”ZIP” parent=”LIMIT FILE EXTENTION” \
packet-mark=ZIP limit-at=0 queue=default priority=1 max-limit=0 burst-limit=0 burst-threshold=0 burst-time=0s